Journal: International Journal of Molecular and Cellular Medicine

Article Title: Adult Stem Cells Properties in Terms of Commitment, Aging and Biological Safety of Grit-Blasted and Acid-Etched Ti Dental Implants Surfaces

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of osteogenic differentiation medium on osteoblast markers expression in 15 days cultured ADSCs. The results are reported as ratios (R) with respect to the mRNA expression of ADSCs seeded in tissue culture polystyrene for 15 days in the presence of cDMEM

Article Snippet: At the same time, 1x 10 4 cells were seeded on a polystyrene 24- well plate in the presence of cDMEM or osteogenic differentiation medium (EuroClone) and cultured for 15 days.

Techniques: Expressing, Cell Culture

Journal: Macromolecular Bioscience

Article Title: NIR‐Responsive ZIF‐8 Metal‐Organic Framework Nanohybrids with Photothermal, Antimicrobial, and Osteoinductive Properties to Prevent Implant Infection

doi: 10.1002/mabi.202400594

Figure Lengend Snippet: Photothermal antibacterial activity of Au@ZIF‐8 nanohybrid. A) Illustration depicting the antibacterial activation mechanism and osteogenesis stimulation process on Au@ZIF‐8‐coated titanium substrate under NIR irradiation. NIR irradiation triggers the photothermal conversion of the Au@ZIF‐8 nanohybrid, causing localized heating and ZIF‐8 degradation. This process enhances antibacterial effects by disrupting bacterial cell membranes. Simultaneously, the released zinc ions from the degraded ZIF‐8 promote osteogenic differentiation of surrounding cells, supporting bone tissue regeneration and mineralization on the titanium substrate. B) The optical images compare the Titanium implant before and after coating with Au@ZIF‐8, demonstrating a noticeable visual difference indicative of successful nanoparticle deposition. C) Thermal images of the Au@ZIF‐8‐coated Titanium implant under 5 min of NIR irradiation reveal a significant temperature increase, confirming the photothermal properties of the Au@ZIF‐8 coating. D) Temperature changes after 5 min of NIR irradiation and subsequent 5 min of cooling demonstrate that the Au@ZIF‐8 coated Titanium implant retained heat more effectively, suggesting their potential for enhanced therapeutic activity. E) and F) SEM images of Au@ZIF‐8‐coated titanium implants, without and with PDA coating respectively. G) and H) display the corresponding EDX analyses graph exhibiting distinctive Zn (coming from Au@ZIF‐8) and Ti peaks (coming from titanium implant). I) Photographs of MRSA bacterial colonies treated with a PBS blank, ZIF‐8, and varying concentrations of Au@ZIF‐8 nanohybrids were analyzed using the plate count method, both under NIR irradiation for 30 min and without light exposure in the dark. Au@ZIF‐8 nanohybrids demonstrated increased antibacterial effectiveness with higher concentrations. J) The relative bacterial viabilities were measured following treatment with a PBS blank, ZIF‐8, and Au@ZIF‐8, both under 30 min of NIR irradiation and in the dark. The PBS control in the dark was used as a reference for 100% cell viability. A value of **** p < 0.0001 indicated a highly significant difference ( n = 3).

Article Snippet: MC3T3 cells were seeded onto ZIF‐8 and Au@ZIF‐8 nanohybrids encapsulated within a GelMA hydrogel and cultured in an osteogenic induction medium for 21 days.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Irradiation, Control

Journal: Macromolecular Bioscience

Article Title: NIR‐Responsive ZIF‐8 Metal‐Organic Framework Nanohybrids with Photothermal, Antimicrobial, and Osteoinductive Properties to Prevent Implant Infection

doi: 10.1002/mabi.202400594

Figure Lengend Snippet: Osteogenic differentiation and In vitro cytocompatibility of Au@ZIF‐8 nanoparticles in hydrogels. A) Schematic visualization of the method by which the cells were exposed to the Au@ZIF‐8 hydrogels. B) Bright field and fluorescence live/dead cell images of pre‐osteoblast cells, showing excellent cell biocompatibility. C) Cell viability of pre‐osteoblast cells evaluated by MTS cell proliferation assay, showing no adverse effect on cells when Au@ZIF‐8 in the nanohybrid hydrogels ( n = 5). D) Alizarin Red staining was used to compare the Ctrl, Au@ZIF‐8 (‐), and Au@ZIF‐8 (+), revealing increased mineral deposition in the Au@ZIF‐8‐treated groups. E) The corresponding ARS optical density value at 405 nm analysis revealed a significant increase in calcium deposition in the Au@ZIF‐8‐treated groups. F) RT‐qPCR analysis revealed that the presence of ZIF‐8 significantly upregulated osteogenic‐related genes, including OCN, OPN, Runx2, and BMP2, underscoring its effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration. A value of * p > 0.05 indicated no significant difference, a value of ** p < 0.01 indicated a significant difference, *** p < 0.001 **** p < 0.0001 indicated a highly significant difference. ( n = 3).

Article Snippet: MC3T3 cells were seeded onto ZIF‐8 and Au@ZIF‐8 nanohybrids encapsulated within a GelMA hydrogel and cultured in an osteogenic induction medium for 21 days.

Techniques: In Vitro, Fluorescence, Proliferation Assay, Staining, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Cells

Article Title: The Survey of Cells Responsible for Heterotopic Ossification Development in Skeletal Muscles—Human and Mouse Models

doi: 10.3390/cells9061324

Figure Lengend Snippet: Possible signaling mechanisms of ectopic osteogenesis in skeletal muscles. BMPs bind to homomeric type II receptors which phosphorylate homomeric type I receptor and induce SMAD-dependent and SMAD-independent signaling. In the SMAD-dependent signaling SMADs 1, 5 or 8 complex with SMAD4 and translocate to the nucleus where recruit RUNX2 and other co-factors to regulate osteogenic gene expression. TGFβ binds to complex of two TGFβ types I receptors (TβRI) and two type II receptors (TβRII), which phosphorylate each other and induce SMAD-dependent and SMAD-independent signaling. In the SMAD-dependent signaling activated SMAD2/3 form complex with SMAD4. Complex translocates to the nucleus where recruits co-factors and regulates target gene expression. Activated SMAD3 recruits HDACs which inhbit RUN2 activity. In the SMAD-independent pathway, regardless of the ligand bind to the receptors, TAK1 recruits TAB1 to initiate p38 MAPK or ERK1/2 MAPK signaling cascade. MAPK phosphorylates and activates RUNX2, DLX5, and OSX transcription factors. Activation of TLR singaling pathways by PAMPs and DAMPs lead to activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), which controls the expression of an array of inflammatory cytokine genes and BMPs. WNTs bind to Frizzled (Fzd) receptors and activate the canonical WNT pathway which leads to accumulation of β-catenin in the cytoplasm. β-catenin is translocated to the nucleus where forms complex with TCF1 which acts as transcriptional activator of Runx2 . Low level of oxygen (hypoxia) induces the mTOR pathway. HIF1α, a downstream intermediate in mTOR signaling, is a key transcriptional regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia. It forms complex with HIF1β and as HIF1 enters to the nuclei where regulates target gene expression.

Article Snippet: Osteogenic properties were also documented for human SCs after their in vitro culture in osteogenic differentiation medium (OB-1, ZenBio).

Techniques: Muscles, Gene Expression, Targeted Gene Expression, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Expressing